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Research has found that over 90% of vehicle accidents are caused by human factors. In order to reduce the occurrence of accidents and casualties, the European Union has issued a series of regulations aimed at protecting vulnerable road users (pedestrians outside the vehicle, cyclists, etc.), reducing traffic accident rates and casualties.
UN Regulation No. 158 specifies technical requirements for the reverse device of M and N class vehicles and the driver's rear view of the vehicle when reversing. This regulation will come into effect on June 10, 2021 and will be mandatory from July 6, 2022.
UN R158 Scope of Application
Component level: For reverse facing visual devices used for installation on M and N class vehicles, specific requirements shall be implemented in accordance with Part I of this regulation.
Vehicle level: For M and N class vehicles equipped with rear facing visual devices and reverse warning systems, specific requirements shall be implemented in accordance with Part II of this regulation.
Other categories: At the request of the manufacturer, contracting parties may approve vehicles of other categories and devices installed on these vehicles in accordance with Part I and Part II.
Reverse system configuration and certification requirements
Table 1. Configuration and certification requirements for reverse system:
Note: If the actual situation is a combination of multiple devices, it is required that each component has a certificate and all vehicle testing projects are completed in order to obtain the R158 vehicle certificate.
Figure 1. Rearview Mirror Camera System (RVCS)
Figure 2. Reverse detection system
In the whole vehicle certification, according to the requirements of the reverse warning system and visible area, the testing methods are divided into close range rear view testing and whole vehicle detection area testing:
1. Requirements for vehicle close-up rearview testing:
Within a field of view of 0.3m to 3.5m that is consistent with the width of the vehicle at the rear (Figure 3), the driver's position test reference point shown in Figure 4 is used for testing with the help of tools. The requirements are:
(a) The three test objects closest to the test vehicle are in the first row, and it is required to be able to observe at least one 0.15m * 0.15m area in each test object, or the top of the test object. (b) For the test objects in the second and third lines, it is required to be able to observe the entire test object.
Figure 3. Requirements for the field of view of the vehicle at close range
Figure 4. Driver Position Test Reference Point
2. Vehicle detection area testing requirements:
Within the detection area of 0.2m to 1.0m from the outermost point at the rear of the vehicle that is consistent with the width of the vehicle. Divide by the width of the vehicle (rounded: 1.7m for 1.67m, 1.8m for 1.74m, odd width: test object placed on the centerline of the longitudinal axis; even width: test object placed on both sides based on the centerline of the longitudinal axis), create a 0.1mx0.1m grid in the above area, and place the test object on the grid.
(a) The area between 0.2m and 0.6m is A1 area, and the total number of detections is required to be ≥ 90%;
(b) The area between 0.6m and 1.0m is A2 area, and the total number of detections is required to be ≥ 87%;
(c) There should be no undetected object in a square composed of grids larger than 2 * 2 (see Figure 6).
Figure 5. Requirements for testing the detection area of the entire vehicle (odd width of the vehicle)
Figure 6. Requirements for testing the detection area of the entire vehicle (even width of the vehicle)
I believe that after the implementation of a series of regulations, the number of casualties in road traffic accidents will be significantly reduced. Above, we have briefly analyzed the test content of the reverse device for you. For more information, please feel free to contact us!